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EDUCATION AND HEALTH CARE IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Education Expenditures: 1.4 percent of GDP (2020 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 193. [Source: CIA World Factbook 2023]
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write; total population: 64.2 percent; male: 65.6 percent; female: 62.8 percent (2015). [Source: CIA World Factbook 2023]
Youth Unemployment Rate (ages 15-24): total: 5.3 percent; male: 6.3 percent; female: 4.2 percent (2021 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 187
Health Expenditures: 2.5 percent of GDP (2020). [Source: CIA World Factbook 2023]
Number of Doctors: 0.07 physicians per 1,000 people (2019). [Source: CIA World Factbook 2023]
Sanitation Access: improved: urban: 57.8 percent of population; rural: 18.2 percent of population; total: 23.5 percent of population; unimproved: urban: 42.2 percent of population; rural: 81.8 percent of population; total: 76.5 percent of population (2020 estimate)
Energy in Papua New Guinea
Energy Consumption Per Capita: 11.316 million Btu/person (2019 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 151. [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Carbon Dioxide Emissions: 6.491 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 estimate)
from coal and metallurgical coke: 0 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 estimate)
from petroleum and other liquids: 5.965 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 estimate)
from consumed natural gas: 526,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: emissions 128.
[Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Pipelines: 264 kilometers oil (2013). [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Electricity in Papua New Guinea
Access to Electricity: electrification: total population: 20.9 percent (2021); electrification: urban areas: 65.1 percent (2021); electrification: rural areas: 14 percent (2021). [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Electricity Consumption and Production: installed generating capacity: 1.139 million kW (2020 estimate)
consumption: 3,701,693,000 kWh (2019 estimate)
exports: 0 kWh (2019 estimate)
imports: 0 kWh (2019 estimate)
transmission/distribution losses: 340 million kWh (2019 estimate)
comparison rankings: installed generating capacity 132; consumption 134; exports 134; imports 147; transmission/distribution losses 139. [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Sources of Electricity Generation: fossil fuels: 80.2 percent of total installed capacity (2020 estimate)
nuclear: 0 percent of total installed capacity (2020 estimate)
solar: 0 percent of total installed capacity (2020 estimate)
wind: 0 percent of total installed capacity (2020 estimate)
hydroelectricity: 18.9 percent of total installed capacity (2020 estimate)
tide and wave: 0 percent of total installed capacity (2020 estimate)
geothermal: 0 percent of total installed capacity (2020 estimate)
biomass and waste: 1 percent of total installed capacity (2020 estimate).
[Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Oil, Coal and Natural Gas in Papua New Guinea
Coal: production: 0 metric tons (2020 estimate)
consumption: 0 metric tons (2020 estimate)
exports: 0 metric tons (2020 estimate)
imports: 0 metric tons (2020 estimate)
proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 estimate).
[Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Petroleum: total petroleum production: 37,200 bbl/day (2021 estimate)
refined petroleum consumption: 38,200 bbl/day (2019 estimate)
crude oil and lease condensate exports: 60,300 bbl/day (2018 estimate)
crude oil and lease condensate imports: 27,400 bbl/day (2018 estimate)
crude oil estimated reserves: 159.7 million barrels (2021 estimate)
Refined petroleum products: production
22,170 bbl/day (2015 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 88.
[Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Refined Petroleum Products: Exports: 0 bbl/day (2015 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 185. Imports: 17,110 bbl/day (2015 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 134. Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Natural Gas: production: 11,784,065,000 cubic meters (2020 estimate)
consumption: 166.984 million cubic meters (2020 estimate)
exports: 11,764,498,000 cubic meters (2020 estimate)
imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 estimate)
proven reserves: 183.125 billion cubic meters (2021 estimate).
[Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Communications in Papua New Guinea
Telephones: Fixed Lines: total subscriptions: 170,000 (2021 estimate); subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2021 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: subscriptions 125. [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Mobile Telephones: total subscriptions: 4.8 million (2021 estimate); subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 48 (2021 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: subscriptions 125. [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Telecommunication Systems: general assessment: fixed-line teledensity in Papua New Guinea has seen little change over the past two decades; progress in the country’s telecom sector has come primarily from mobile networks, where accessibility has expanded considerably in recent years, with population coverage increasing from less than 3 percent in 2006 to more than 90 percent by early 2021; the MNOs operate networks offering services based on GSM, 3G, and LTE, depending on location; GSM is prevalent in many rural and remote areas, while 3G and LTE are centered more on urban areas; MNOs’ investments in 4G are growing, though GSM still represents the bulk of all mobile connections owing to the low penetration of smartphones and the concentration of high-speed data networks predominantly in high value urban areas; a lack of sufficient competition and investment in the wire line segment has driven up prices and hampered network coverage and quality; infrastructure deployment costs are high, partly due to the relatively low subscriber base, the difficult terrain, and the high proportion of the population living in rural areas; fixed telecom infrastructure is almost non-existent outside urban centers, leaving most of the population under served; PNG is the Pacific region’s largest poorly developed telecom market, with only around 22 percent of its people connected to the internet; this falls far behind the recommended targets set in the country’s National Broadband Policy drafted in 2013, which aimed to provide broadband access to 90 percent of the total population by 2018; the existing submarine cable infrastructure is insufficient to serve the country’s needs; low international capacity has meant that internet services are expensive and slow; the cable links PNG to the Solomon Islands and Australia (landing at Sydney); despite the improvement in recent years, the country is still impacted by a connectivity infrastructure deficit, making it reliant on more expensive alternatives such as satellites, also weighing on the affordability of services for end-users (2022). Domestic: fixed-line nearly 2 per 100 and mobile-cellular is 48 per 100 persons (2021). International: country code: 675; landing points for the Kumul Domestic Submarine Cable System, PNG-LNG, APNG-2, CSCS and the PPC-1 submarine cables to Australia, Guam, PNG and Solomon Islands; satellite earth station: 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2019). [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Broadcast Media: 4 TV stations: 1 commercial station operating since 1987, 1 state-run station launched in 2008, 1 digital free-to-view network launched in 2014, and 1 satellite network Click TV (PNGTV) launched in 2015; the state-run National Broadcasting Corporation operates 3 radio networks with multiple repeaters and about 20 provincial stations; several commercial radio stations with multiple transmission points as well as several community stations; transmissions of several international broadcasters are accessible (2018). [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Internet Users: total: 3.168 million (2021 estimate); Percent of the Population: 32 percent (2021 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 116; Broadband: Fixed Subscriptions: total: 21,000 (2020 estimate); subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 0.2 (2020 estimate); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 165. Internet Country Code: .pg [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Transportation in Papua New Guinea
Roads: total: 9,349 kilometers (2011); paved: 3,000 kilometers (2011); unpaved: 6,349 kilometers (2011); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 137[Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Waterways: 11,000 kilometers (2011); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 14. [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Water Transport: Merchant Marine: total: 199; By Type: container ship 6, general cargo 87, oil tanker 3, other 103 (2022); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 65; Ports and Terminals: major seaport(s): Kimbe, Lae, Madang, Rabaul, Wewak; LNG terminal(s) (export): Port Moresby
Air Transportation in Papua New Guinea
National Air Transport System: number of registered air carriers: 6 (2020); inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 48; annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 964,713 (2018); annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 30.93 million (2018) mt-km; Civil aircraft registration country code prefix: P2. [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Airports: 561 (2021); ranking compared to other countries in the world: 11; Airports: with paved runways: 21. note: paved runways have a concrete or asphalt surface but not all have facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control; the length of a runway required for aircraft to safely operate depends on a number of factors including the type of aircraft, the takeoff weight (including passengers, cargo, and fuel), engine types, flap settings, landing speed, elevation of the airport, and average maximum daily air temperature; paved runways can reach a length of 5,000 meters (16,000 feet), but the “typical” length of a commercial airline runway is between 2,500-4,000 meters (8,000-13,000 feet). Heliports: 2 (2021). [Source: CIA World Factbook, 2023]
Airports with Unpaved Runways: 540. Unpaved runways have a surface composition such as grass or packed earth and are most suited to the operation of light aircraft; unpaved runways are usually short, often less than 1,000 meters (3,280 feet) in length; airports with unpaved runways often lack facilities for refueling, maintenance, or air traffic control.
Image Sources:
Text Sources: CIA World Factbook, 2023; “Encyclopedia of World Cultures, Volume 2: Oceania,” edited by Terence E. Hays, 1991, Wikipedia, New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Times of London, Lonely Planet Guides, Library of Congress, The Guardian, National Geographic, Smithsonian magazine, The New Yorker, Reuters, Associated Press, AFP, BBC, CNN, and various books, websites and other publications.
Last updated August 2023